Forum Santé 2019: mes notes [fr]

Avertissement: ceci sont mes notes du Forum Santé 2019, je ne garantis pas d’avoir tout compris 100% et de n’avoir pas fait d’erreur!

Brigitte Rorive (dir fin HUG): 3 bonnes raisons d’espérer

Les coûts de la santé augmentent plus vite que la croissance économique. Mais les solutions existent! Exemple: Nouvelle-Zélande. Centré sur la personne. 

Au centre, personne qui vit dans une maison, pas dans un hôpital! Trois niveaux d’intervention autour de la population. Garder les gens le plus longtemps possible dans leur cercle: bonne santé; services dans la communauté, médecine de vie, services sociaux => éviter une dégradation de l’état de santé. Prévenir le mieux possible la dégradation de l’état de santé lorsqu’il y a un souci.

M. E, 76 ans, deux AVC, séquelles neuro/cognitives. Perdu un rein (tumeur) => IR. Médics pour l’hypertension. Plaques qui démangent dans le cou un matin => appelle le médecin, absent, va à l’hôpital. Dx zona. Prescrit antalgiques + antiviral. 15 jours plus tard M. E va mal et va chez son médecin traitant => hôpital 10j. Confusion due aux antalgiques, reins qui ont morflé, surinfection car n’avait pas compris comment traiter son zona.

Dans un système genre NZ: M. E est connu des structures de premier recours. Il appelle la maison de santé, la personne consulte le dossier et voit qu’il s’agit d’un cas compliqué, appelle le médecin de service dans la maison de santé, et approche non pas juste du zona mais de la personne entière (que puis-je donner comme antalgiques vu l’IR, etc) + met en place une infirmière durant la première semaine pour s’assurer qu’il gère son traitement.

Deuxième bonne nouvelle: on s’inspire déjà de ce qui existe, des initiatives. Exemple: chutes personne âgée. Grave problème de santé publique. 45% des hospitalisations de personnes de plus de 65 ans en Suisse sont dûes aux chutes. 1400 décès par an. Trois fois plus de risque de se retrouver en EMS si on a chuté. 6.8 milliards de CHF. Mais la grande majorité de ces chutes sont évitables. HUG et certains cantons alémaniques: mis ensemble dépistage et prévention. (Il y a aussi des patients qui chutent dans les hôpitaux!) Mise au point d’une échelle de dépistage (patients chuteurs) et mesures de prévention. Pilote aux HUG. Déposé projet pour avoir financement pour sortir le projet de dépistage de l’hôpital et l’amener à domicile via soins à domicile. Deuxième temps: EMS.

Trois: on a des ressources, et pas juste financières. Intelligence collective. Exemple: projet qui a fait beaucoup de petits. Spécialistes en épidémiologie populationnelle + géographes + bio-informaticiens: cartographier le risque de développer une maladie en fonction d’où on vit. Carte avec lien entre habitat et obésité. La structure même de certains quartiers est porteuse de la pathologie. Permet de cibler la prévention et le dépistage. Idem avec dépression, insuffisance cardiaque… Du coup si on met une maison de santé dans un quartier, on va pouvoir cibler le genre de professionnels de la santé qu’il sera important d’inclure.

Slogan Highlands où ils ont réorganisé le système de santé dans ce sens: “The best bed is your own bed.”

Nicolas Senn: Traiter la maladie ne suffit pas

Petit film, projet MOCCA: Inclusion d’infirmière dans le cabinet médical (Chexbres, Chauderon). Médecin + infirmière (Cindy Lehmann) + assistante médicale. Temps de consultation souvent limité pour le médecin généraliste. L’infirmière va jouer un rôle là, plus de temps, prévention. Ex: patient avec diabète décompensé, fortes douleurs de hanche qui diminuent son activité physique. N’avait pas pensé à le dire au médecin mais c’est apparu au fil de la discussion avec l’infirmière. Patient type: maladies chroniques. Approche populationnelle: séances d’info, lectures dans la salle d’attente. Transformer le cabinet en un centre de santé. 

Exemple: M. Favre, 78 ans, fume 2 paquets, sort peu, vit seul, diabétique, hospit pour pertes de connaissance à plusieurs reprises, refuse le vaccin pour la grippe. 

Enjeux pour sa santé? Il y a 50 ans, insuline pour le diabète. Maintenant: prévention tabac, grippe, isolement social, consultations, multimorbidité (coordination de soins), 720 minutes de consultation par an. 

Complexité du système: TARMED, facturation au temps, à la minute! Avantage: permet de passer du temps avec le patient, prestations ultra performantes point de vue médico-technique. Mais difficile de réaliser des interventions hors catalogue, auprès d’un groupe de population, coordination des soins, prévention…

Le débat actuel est centré sur les coûts. Une mesure intéressante, l’article relatif aux projets pilotes, car il permet de dépasser le cadre et de chercher une meilleure prise en charge. Mais sinon ces mesures vont pas tellement aider le patient. 

Limites du système: soins fragmentés, prestations autour de la maladie, etc.

On est dans une voie de médicalisation de la santé: les problèmes de santé ont une solution médico-technique.

Mieux: socialisation de la médecine, on cherche des solutions autres que strictement dans le domaine bio-médical. Prise en compte des déterminants environnementaux de la santé pour pouvoir agir dessus (on fait ça assez peu maintenant). Agir sur l’environnement!

Actuellement, système de santé avec soins ambulatoires assez cloisonnés. Décloisonner.

Il y a des chercheurs pour développer les nouveaux médicaments, il en faut aussi pour développer des nouveaux systèmes de santé et les tester.

MOCCA (modèle de coordination des cabinets). 2 ans de préparation avec experts (y compris patients). Trois éléments:

  1. liste de patients, savoir qui on suit dans le cabinet, y compris leur contexte, description
  2. infirmier ou infirmière en soins primaires. Coordination de soins, prévention, suivi de maladies chroniques, éducation thérapeutique, urgences.
  3. Plan de soins individualisé: suivi longitudinal, coordination…

Pour la Suisse, assez innovant. En Belgique, en France, assez courant.

Projet pilote: renforcer localement la médecine générale. (Pas une grosse usine à gaz pour la gouvernance.) Premier pas pour intégrer les enjeux globaux de la santé (déterminants sociaux et environnementaux, équité, prévention, promotion de la santé, coordination et continuité des soins, centré sur la santé et non la maladie).

“La santé c’est la capacité pour un être humain à donner un sens à sa vie dans son environnement, et pas juste de réduire la santé à la chimie et biologie de la personne” (citation de mémoire, Marie Gaille, philosophe française).

Question: pharmaciens comme professionels de la santé de premier recours? Faire faire les mêmes actes par différentes personnes, pas super, mais intégrer les pharmaciens dans l’équipe de soins, pharmacies dans maisons de soins. Doivent être plus présents mais intégrés dans une réflexion globale.

Patrick Durisch: Prix des nouveaux médicaments/traitements (Public Eye)

Vidéo: Fixés comment? le fabricant fixe un prix initial (R&D etc). Mais aussi value-based pricing. Sovaldi (Gilead) pour l’hépatite C. 84k $ pour 3 mois de traitement, basé sur le tarif d’une greffe de foie, jusque-là seul traitement disponible. Ensuite l’OFSP va voir ce qu’ils remboursent — mais peu de marge de manoeuvre pour limiter les prix. Prix en Suisse = prix vitrine pour l’industrie pharmaceutique. Et coût de R&D = secret industriel. Brevets. Industrie en position de force.

Les autorités sont garantes de la constitution et ont donc des obligations concernant l’accès aux soins. Maintenir la pérennité du système (mutualisation des coûts) car sinon certains n’auront plus accès aux soins. 

OFSP: on sait que les prix sont trop hauts mais c’est légal. 

Coûts: 7 milliards pour les médicaments ambulatoires. 8 milliards pour les médics en tout sur les 32 de l’assurance de base. Les trois quarts sont dûs aux médicaments brevetés. Progression constante des coûts pour les médicaments contre le cancer. +54% depuis 2014. 

A la base: brevet octroyé avec l’idée d’un équilibre des intérêts privés (exclusivité, profit) et publics (publication, accessibilité). En multipliant les brevets sur une molécule on rallonge la période de protection (pire aux USA bien sûr), alors même que les coûts de recherche sont récupérés depuis longtemps (Herceptin par exemple). Résultat: traitements anticancéreux très chers, OFSP négocie des rabais peu transparents… Patients hépatite C n’ont pas eu leur traitement remboursé durant 3 ans!

Retour sur investissement dans l’industrie pharmaceutique: plus élevé que les banques, voitures, pétrole. Agir sur les marges injustifiées. 

Moyen d’autoriser la concurrence (levée de monopole temporaire). Exemple: thérapie génique développée par Novartis. 370k et brevets illégitimes car la technologie était déjà connue. Les hôpitaux universitaires Suisses s’allient pour développer des traitements similaires.

Message-clé: le public doit reprendre la main, fixer des prix équitables qui prennent en compte R&D et financements publics (stop au value-based).

Christine Bienvenu: ce médicament cher qui m’a sauvé la vie

Film. Herceptin-Perjeta. 100k CHF/an. Pendant combien de temps notre système de santé pourra-t-il encore absorber ces coûts? Ambivalence. 

Tabou car reconnaissance d’avoir la chance de bénéficier du traitement, mais culpabilité de ce qu’on coûte à la collectivité. Important que les patients puissent s’intéresser à ces questions pour pouvoir participer au débat. Etre partenaire de ces discussions. Peur de ne plus avoir accès au traitement? Garder la tête basse pour ne pas risquer de perdre l’accès… Vulgariser les informations pour les patients. 

Autonomisation des patients, patient empowerment. Quelle place le patient doit-il prendre? En fait, quelle place doit-on lui laisser? Patient qui n’ose pas prendre sa place, même si ça change avec le fait que le patient ait accès à des informations auparavant réservées aux professionnels. Collaboration, partenariat, accepter un deuxième avis.

Le patient vit 24h/24 avec sa maladie. Les stratégies mises en place par les patients pour pouvoir vivre leur vie peuvent être intéressante. Communautés de patients contenant beaucoup d’informations vulgarisées.

Manuella Maury: Seuls à bord de notre corps

Lettre à son généraliste. On vient au monde seul, et on le quitte aussi seul. Délégation de responsabilité. Importance du médecin de famille, à l’écoute. (Très joli texte, pas tellement propice à la prise de notes.) Hypothyroïdie. 3 mois en Espagne. Difficultés de la vie, détour par l’acupuncture, désastre, démarrage du médic. Tout va bien. 2 ans plus tard, changement de formulation du médic, cata, augmentation de dose. Pilule impossible car conséquences catastrophiques (dépression), mais pour le médic contre la thyroïde on veut la faire rentrer dans un tableau excel? Déléguer sa santé à la pharma. Retourner en Valais, prendre soin de soi…

Table ronde (jamais facile de prendre des notes)

Si le médic n’est pas répertorié (trop nouveau), exception possible si le patient bénéficie du traitement. Donc analyse, et évaluation. Mais ça peut varier d’une caisse à l’autre (plus ou moins de volonté de trouver des solutions).

On a le deuxième système de santé le plus cher au monde, après les USA. Surmédicalisation: interventions qui n’ont pas de bénéfice pour le patient. Ex: médicaments pour le cholestérol, chir de la thyroïde, interventions sur la colonne vertébrale (10 fois plus à Berne qu’à Genève!) — on discute de mesures économiques mais pas de comment réduire les soins inutiles.

Ecart de 48% des prix des génériques entre l’Europe et la Suisse (taille du marché). Les importations parallèles sont déjà autorisées.

Dossier électronique du patient.

Innovation, pas de la science-fiction. Attention aux bulles du côté startup qui trouvent du financement. Important de former les infirmier/infirmières en Haute Ecole, pour collaborer il faut parler le même language.

Question: dans les cas particuliers, certains assurances acceptent, pas d’autres, pourquoi? Si le processus d’évaluation est supposé être un peu rationnel?

Maladies rares: système de réassurance.

Importance de la nutrition. Mais la prévention prend plus de temps. Confier la prévention aux infirmières.

Question: préoccupation concernant la confidentialité avec le DEP. Le DEP permettra de cacher certaines infos, mais attention, on ne pourra pas se retourner contre le fournisseur de soin si on dissimule une information.

Margaux Saudan: Moi, future médecin

Plus grand employeur de médecins en Suisse: la Migros. Un problème? Attractif pour les médecins, mais:

  1. Données sensibles (grands magasins qui savent quand leurs clientes sont enceintes). Pas d’étanchéité.
  2. Conflit d’intérêt: faire de l’argent vs soigner.

André Grimaldi: plaidoyer pour une médecine égalitaire et solidaire

Deux défis auxquels sont confrontés nos systèmes de santé: innovation et maladies chroniques.

Coût des médicaments: pas le coût de développement, mais le service médical rendu. A ce moment-là l’insuline et le vaccin contre la polio devraient coûter très très cher. L’industrie fixe ses coûts en fonction de ce qu’on est prêt à payer.

450 millions de diabétiques dans le monde. Ça coûte cher! Prévention… mais on a conçu des systèmes de soin et non des systèmes de santé. Progrès de la médecine => maladies chroniques.

Indicateurs de qualité? On soigne l’indicateur et non le malade.

La bonne porte d’entrée: il faut une troisième médecine pour les maladies chroniques.

Première médecine: maladies aigues bénignes et gestes techniques simples. Médecine de cabinet.

Deuxième médecine: maladies aiguës graves, soins complexes. Avec les hôpitaux universitaires ça fonctionne.

Troisième: dans les maladies chroniques le patient doit changer de comportement dans la durée. Quid de l’observance? 40-50%, corrélé à la mortalité.

Obstacles à l’observance:

  • pas de symptômes => pas d’observance
  • traitement: si on a l’impression qu’il est inefficace ou qu’il y a des effets secondaires
  • système de santé: si on doit payer pour les soins chroniques et pas les aigus… ou si le gravité de la maladie chronique rapporte à l’assureur…
  • médecin: n’explique pas, paternalisme médical, “je suis un technicien supérieur” (important: décision médicale partagée)

La vraie question: le patient qui sait faire (observance), mais qui ne fait pas? Transformer le malade en son propre médecin. Comment se traitent les médecins compétents quand ils sont malades? Ils se soignent très mal…

Pourquoi?! Clairement une troisième médecine. Homéostasie émotionnelle. Quand les besoins primaires sont assurés, la priorité absolue est l’homéostasie émotionnelle, quitte à prendre des risques pour sa santé. Traumatisme psychique du diagnostic: ce sera jamais plus comme avant; vous serez différent des autres. Premier mécanisme, déni, refus, clivage (diabétiques clandestins qui ne disent pas à leur entourage), addiction (ado qui manipule sa dose d’insuline pour rester mince). Pensée magique (charlatans etc).

Ces mécanismes de “rejet” deviennent une maladie à leur tour. “Je sais que c’est stupide mais c’est plus fort que moi.” On ne s’en sort pas seul de cette deuxième maladie. L’autonomie a des limites. Aider le patient à changer de représentation.

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LeWeb13: Kevin Marks, The Web We Found [en]

The Web that Kevin found 10 years ago and how it is changing now. Left Apple in 2003 selling stock for $10 and joined Technorati, switched to LAMP. The browser war was over, IE6 had won, XML was replacing HTML.

LeWeb'13, Kevin Marks

Was everything over? Not really.

Webkit. The hegemony was not really there. Mobile: Sidekick. steph-note: I used to chat with Kevin at the time while he was on his sidekick commuting to work.

Did we have a social web 10 years ago? We did. Friendster. Realtime? Not really. Google updated their index once a month in the Google Dance.

They way you got to things on the web were portals.

What changed? Blogging. A parallel social web overlaid on the web we were all using. Personal publishing pages connected to each other and updated in minutes. Technorati was indexing that. Minutes rather than once a month.

The key thing were interoperable open specs. Over the next 10 years new devices came along. The Sidekick was ahead of its time, but these new devices all started out with a good web browser, and the apps came later.

Blogging was absorbed into social silos: Twitter, Facebook, Instagram etc. More streamlined but more constrained.

Mobile has now displaced desktop. Biggest OS = Android. IE is now irrelevant.

In 2013, social is consolidated silos. Links spread rapidly, hashtags bridge them.

Myths:

– Apps will replace the web
– Facebook is your website — you still should have your website
– Mobile is some special different thing than the web that we had before

The App is just a browser that only works on one site. steph-note: I’ve always seen them like that.

Facebook is the new portal. Starting to feel like Yahoo a few years ago. We work around it.

Mobile screen resolution has caught up (more pixels than your laptop at times). Distinction of small and large screens is not as binary.

Long-term view:

– open outlasts companies: we’ve seen companies come and go, but open protocols are still there
– open protects people, they aren’t trapped in the destiny of a company; an open flow of data between sites protects you; open protocols is also why we now have all these devices (Webkit lay the seeds for Chrome and the iOS browser)
– open saves effort

IndieWeb: your own website, developers making tools, using silos to connect. Connecting across silos and becoming resilient against any one of those going away.

Principles:

– you should own your own data, have a website which is not a Facebook page or a Google Plus page
– you should have visible data; what made Google and Technorati possible was that web pages were visible and indexable and shareable. Social silos going up are taking this away. You can’t crawl Twitter anymore. Bits of Google Plus you can’t crawl either.
– POSSE: publish own site syndicate share elsewhere steph-note: what us bloggers are doing

Make tools for you, not tools you think somebody else will use. If you don’t use it nobody else will. Cf. Odeo.

Document. Say what works. Open Source what you make.

If you’re a company an hire a developer to work on an Open Source project, and they leave the company, they might continue to work on the OS project and contribute code. A project in a company is only going to last as long as the management chain understands the roadmap — fragile.

Design and UX are most important. Protocols come later.

Be modular. Don’t try and build everything. Use silos and swap pieces out.

The Long Web. Are you making something to last or to disappear? Expect it to last. Don’t destroy history. Spread copies elsewhere. steph-note: blogging again

Bet on the Web: open outlasts closed. Make infrastructure.

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LeWeb13: Ramez Naam [en]

Wiring the human brain. Sending information from one’s person mind to another. Nexus: mankind gets an upgrade.

LeWeb'13, Ramez Naam 2

Keanu Reeves “I know Kung Fu”.

Working circuit printed on human skin, with sensors & ambient supply. Google glass style contact lenses. Pill cam, in use since 2008 in thousands of patients (clinical trial). 3 cameras taking 30fps from inside you.

Let’s go beyond that and talk about the brain. Internet of things: the “thing” we’re the most concerned about is ourselves.

Cochlear implants. 200K people that no hearing aid can help. Data sent directly to the brain.

First motivation for these “cyborg” technologies is medical.

Also progress for sight. Man who lost an eye at 18, and the second (accident) a year later. Now he has a CCTV camera on his glasses. Limited mobility vision. Can very carefully park a car. 16px by 16px grid. Terrible, but a quantum leap up from 0px, and a proof of concept: we can send digital vision to the brain.

Another man, paralysed from the neck down and vocal cords destroyed by tracheotomy. Electrode in motor area of his brain allows him to type on computer.

Damaged hippocampus tissue can be replaced by chip.

Increasing performance in certain tasks in monkeys (Planet of the Apes).

Two monkeys in two rooms with electrodes in their auditory cortex, connected. One monkey hears one sound, the other hears the same sound and knows what it means.

Rats: one is trained to respond to a series of lights => specific lever. Second rat performs much better on the test than if he had no prior knowledge. (Thousands of km away.)

Two computer scientists playing a video game as a single player thousands of miles away.

Hippocampal bridge: prior knowledge of the maze for a second rat.

This is far ahead, more than 10 years.

Issues: this is your brain. Who wants to play with it? If you’re blind of deaf, benefits can be great, but if you’re healthy… ahem.

Digital stuff never malfunctions and is never hacked. (NOT)

You don’t want the NSA in your brain either…

All that said, Ramez is very optimistic, because of the history of information technology.

The printing press increased the pace of innovation and scientific progress. Newton was able to write his book only because he was able to absorb the ideas of hundreds of others before him through books. And printing allowed him to spread his ideas to hundreds and thousands of others.

Increase our ability to spread ideas => more ideas. Also, democratisation of knowledge. Changed the relationship between the government and the governed.

Even the idea of civil rights was only made possible by the cheap distribution of new disruptive ideas.

See things through others’ eyes? Maybe literally possible in the future.

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LeWeb13: Brady Forrest [en]

Brady has dived into hardware during the last year.

It all began with the Arduino. Almost an accident in the way it changed the world. Open-sourced, cheap. Designed for students.

Now is a great time for experimentation with hardware. That’s why we have the quantified self, and connected homes…

Prototyping is now “solved”. Anybody can prototype a hardware project. Don’t even need to know basic code.

Circuit Stickers. Stickable circuits that you can put all over the place. Crowdfunded. Trouble shipping. Building and shipping thousands of products is hard. Prototyping is just the beginning. You can’t walk into a factory, show a prototype and have it made.

That kind of scale requires rigour, teaching other people how to build your complex product perfectly thousands or millions of time.

LittleBits. OSHWA.

Open Source hardware business models. Challenge: being copied. Challenge 2: the prototype is not your documentation. AWS for manufacturing.

Third, products like SmartThings or ThingSpeak. Gadgets that don’t talk to each other. Need for open APIs.

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LeWeb13: Robert Scoble [en]

Robert and his Google Glass:

leweb13 2013-12-11 17h26-2

The Age of Context.

1. Sensors. We all have a smartphone filled with sensors

2. Wearables.

3. Location

4. —

5. Data

A new kind of contextual operating system. Your phone is going to know what you’re doing. Are you skiing? Personalized ski goggles (Oakley). Software that anticipates our needs and gets ahead of us.

Also means we are going to see everything that’s going on in our businesses in real time. (Uber and GE). Deep insights into customers. Initially, the Ritz was built on index cards. They’d write down everything about you to give you better customer service. That’s lost, but can come back.

Pinpoint marketing. Robert has an app that knows he’s sitting down. Apps will know that we’re at the store or hanging out with a friend.

A sensor that knows that your hand is reaching for the box of cheerios.

Eightly: instant creation of personal channels across devices. steph-note: examples? a bit abstract so far. Ah, demo coming. Feature-centred rather than user-centred, sadly. Not convinced…

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LeWeb13: Brian Solis [en]

Tired because has been taking a lot of pictures in Paris, and doesn’t know where to post them: Instagram, Snapchat, Facebook…?

leweb13 2013-12-11 16h38-2

Every week brings a new app, a new trend… Wants to think differently about technology.

Has spent the last several years studying tech that disrupts markets.

Either the next 10 years are going to happen to us, or because of us.

LeWeb is full of people trying to change the world.

Saw a headline recently about the lack of innovation. But VCs are paying attention to Europe now: what is Europe going to do with this opportunity?

Disrupting is something that happens because of what we do. We need to be inspired but also think about a new approach. The future of innovation starts with empathy, seeing things through the eyes of somebody else. See things differently and have the courage to try it.

Some of the best traits in innovative companies follow.

Innovation introduces us to something new, changes behaviour. So obsessed with raising money and reading Mashable that we lose sight of that. Changing behaviour.

Innovative companies apply some variety of design thinking or systems thinking to their approach.

Generation C, the connected generation. Face in our screens. This is the world where we have to either feed complacency or change behaviour to be more productive.

Teenagers can focus on homework for 6 minutes before they need to turn to a device or an app.

Can you read long articles like you did before? Or do you find yourself looking at pictures of cats? steph-note: all the time!

This is the person we need to inspire. How do you invoke empathy for a group that seems to lack empathy?

Creative destruction. Ideas that will make the leader in a market lose its place. Uber, AirBnB. You know you’re onto a good idea when the government tries to shut you down.

Good ideas sound ridiculous at the beginning. The first mouse doesn’t get the cheese, but the second one does.

Bread, once it became sliced, became a platform that created markets for sliced meats, spreads, a company providing you with your dinner. Created an entire market. steph-note: Switzerland doesn’t really have sliced bread… or at least it’s second-rate bread.

Followers outperform pioneers. Benefits of second-movers.

“Does anyone in the audience have the new Samsung smartwatch?” — nobody moves. “Exactly! How many of you will have the Apple iWatch when it comes out?” Apple applies design thinking to their stuff.

Inspiring book: The Innovator’s Dilemma.

What’s the problem? What’s the opportunity? Disrupt the market because you solved a real problem and created a solution for it.

The best companies out there have all applied this model.

Start with Why, not What and How. Why = motivation, How = process, What = product. Start with Why. Apple believes that they can challenge invention, shake the status quo, and do that by thinking differently. Computers that are beautifully designed, with great user experience. When you start with why you’re already empathetic.

Empathy — Context — Creativity — Rationality

Characteristics of innovators

leweb13 2013-12-11 16h47

Wonderful paper by Google: 8 pillars of innovation (head over and look at them).

Starting with Why, empathy and context, that is more powerful than you imagine. Design and systems thinking is key, not technology.

New York lit up by electricity. Needed a power plant, needed to be built!

Nike don’t just make shoes now. They’re a technology company, services company, data, platform.

Tesla don’t just make electric cars. They’re the second mouse. They figured they needed a complete ecosystem to support that car. A platform. Not just about how the car looked and drove. Built a new model to sell cars, because they wanted a great experience throughout.

They’re building a whole electrical infrastructure around key points in the US so people can feel safe about having a full battery. => best car that’s come out in a long time.

Two ways to influence human behaviour: manipulate or inspire.

The future is a blank slate. Yours to define.

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LeWeb13: Dina Kaplan, Blip Co-founder (Fear) [en]

Fear and the role it plays in your life. Dina asks for a show of hands, who has thought about it? steph-note: I’m astonished how many peopled didn’t raise their hands.

Two years ago Dina was at an intersection, two blocks from work, incapable of crossing the road.

PC110053
Thanks to Adam Tinworth for the photo.

When they launched, she worked without stopping. Literally. High-power, high-media life. Public face of the company, daily press stuff, managing 6 departments, awards…

She looked fearless, but it was all BS. She wasn’t mindful of her fear, but fear was holding her back in every area of her life.

She was super stressed and taking way too much on, but afraid to ask for help. She’d taken on a role, emulating men (“What would Larry or Sergei do?”). She was held up as a model woman entrepreneur, but felt like an actress playing that role. Didn’t have the confidence to be herself. Imposter syndrome, part of her who worried that she didn’t deserve what she had.

She started having panic attacks. Lived in fear of passing out in the middle of NYC intersections. Started taking cabs everywhere.

Back to that day in November, she’s on that intersection, trying to make eye contact on the other side of the street so that if she did pass out, they would stop to scrape her body off the street.

Decided it was not working. Quit her job, took a one-way flight out.

Travelled, but was still being entrepreneurial. The girl with the endlessly cool vacation photos on Facebook.

Patrick, for years, had been telling Dina to meditate and face her fears — which she didn’t listen. Went on a hike together, tried meditating. Being rather than doing.

She went to a 10-day silent meditation retreat to study meditation. Hard and painful, no way escaping herself. Wanted to quit on day 1, on day 2, on day 3. On day 8, she understood what her driver was: she was obsessed with being like. Bullied in summer camp when she was little, vowed to herself that she would be like. Cost? Was never authentic even though she managed to surround herself with people and friends.

Didn’t ask for help because didn’t want to upset people or cause trouble.

How could she break the pattern? Patrick’s words came back to her: if she faced her physical fears and conquered them, would that help?

Start with a big one: scuba-diving. When she was young, somebody had died on her very first scuba-diving trip. Went diving with another family, the father never came back up.

Super afraid before going into water, but felt ok once inside. And after, felt different: she had done something for her. Ziplining. Bungee jumping. Decided to do it for herself, for a new life.

leweb13 2013-12-11 16h23

Back in NY, she has changed. Tells a VC friend she thinks every entrepreneur should learn to meditate. He calls back to say it was a super meeting. She dared to be herself.

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Used to be afraid of confrontation, of asking favours, of being herself. Is OK with people not liking her.

But… no need to bungee jump to be free or spend a year in Asia.

Three things:

– mental agility, breaking your habits, those that hold you back
– fear: what if I face my fear?
– mindfulness, not just to connect to others, but connect to yourself

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LeWeb13: Meditation (Headspace) [en]

One of the founders of Headspace was a buddhist monk and then became a circus clown. How can you teach meditation in a fun way?

1 mio users. Fashion that’s going to die? Meditation has been around for a long time, just normal evolution of an age-long practice to be able to do it with your phone.

We understand more about what the impact of meditation on the brain is. So… brain fitness just like we have body fitness.

Little meditation session. Incredible how quiet the main room was.

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LeWeb13: Gary Vaynerchuk [en]

Snapchat is Gary’s most effective tool to connect with his fans. Breadth is not important, it’s how many people care.

In the mid-nineties, Gary invested in email lists. Bought 2 million addresses! But it didn’t work. Understood it wasn’t about how many people, but about people caring.

Snapchat isn’t about impressions it’s about attention. Number one thing: tell your story to somebody along the path of making a decision. Before telling your story you have to get people’s attention.

Once the famous people arrived on Twitter, Gary’s days were over, at least when it came to making something trend on Twitter.

49 minutes to select 4K people by hand on Snapchat. Reminds me (SB) of how taking shortcuts in communication decreases return. He sent a picture, and within a few seconds, many of those people had posted that pic with hashtag to Twitter.

Marketing sucks. Most people suck too because they just want to promote their stuff.

Jab, jab, jab, right hook is in fact give, give, give, and then ask. steph-note: agreed, you need to earn the right to ask favours.

steph-note: whoops. I downloaded Snapchat and tuned out.

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LeWeb13: Tony Fadell, Nest Labs Founder [en]

We already have smoke detectors, etc. Change the customer experience. Have products that we love.

These products need to be highly differentiated from what they are today. You have your smartphone in your hand at all times. How does your life change? How does your person, house, car change?

Upsetting established markets. Disturbing businesses who have been able to do the same thing over and over again for 40 years.

Have seen really dirty tactics from their competitors. Incumbents throw everything they can think of at a startup trying to disrupt their business.

Manufacturing brings a whole other set of problems than building a few products. Need to plant the seeds early to be able to defend yourself and manufacture properly.

Nest Labs have over 100 patents issued. Many more on file. Not agreeing with Guy Kawasaki clearly.

Mass market products which need to go in every home, every business. They are not daily products. So you need disruptive marketing, disruptive product, disruptive retail.

steph-note: mandatory smoke detectors in homes feels ridiculous seen from Switzerland. Everywhere I go where they have smoke detectors (UK, etc) it’s just false alarm after false alarm => alarmapathy.

Important that people can trust the products. Baked into the company culture.

Vision: from anywhere in the world you know what’s going on in your house. Increased levels of comfort when you travel.

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